Exercising Safely in the Dark
Courtney Carter
/ Categories: WELLNESS, 2024

Exercising Safely in the Dark

Exercising outdoors is great for your mental and physical health. But as the number of daylight hours wanes, it pays to take extra precautions to keep yourself safe.

As exhilarating as exercising in the dark can be, it’s also a safety hazard. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, over 80% of pedestrian traffic fatalities occur at night or in low-light  conditions. 

However, with the right precautions, there’s no need to give up the joys of good workout when daylight hours are short.

1. Choose a well-lit route

Always opt for the well-lit route when exercising in the dark. While it may not be your preferred route, lighting makes you visible and increases your chance of noticing potential hazards like cracks on sidewalks or loose stones on the road. For added visibility, consider sporting a headlamp or flashlight.

2. Be seen

Reflective, brightly colored clothing makes you more visible to others when you’re out and about.  Today, runners have reflective gear options to cover them from head to toe. If you’re on a bike, invest in flashing bike lights, reflective tape, and gear to make sure you’ll be seen coming and going.

3. Head in the right direction

If you’re biking, always ride with traffic. If you’re running on walking, always go against traffic. No matter your choice of exercise, always cross at corners and crosswalks with traffic.

4. Know your route

Don’t venture on a new path for the first time in the dark. Scout out new routes in daylight so you can observe sharp turns, uneven sidewalks, hidden drives, etc.

5. Let others know your plan

If you’re heading out to exercise alone, let someone know your planned route and when you expect to be back. Always carry your ID, cellphone, and insurance card with you in case you do run into trouble.

 Alternatively, try to exercise with others. Look for local walking, running and cycling groups.

6. Know yourself and your limits

Consider shortening your outdoor workout or skipping it altogether during extreme weather conditions. Just as seasons change, workouts can too. Know that it’s okay to head home and that there are lots of options to consider from there.

7. Stay aware of your surroundings

Staying alert and aware of your surroundings is key to safety. If you exercise with headphones, keep the volume at a level at which you can hear approaching traffic, people, or barking dogs.

Finally,

8. Trust your intuition.

If something feels amiss, don’t hesitate to take proper precautions. There’s no shame in cutting your workout short or calling a friend (or even the police) if you’re feeling unsafe.

 

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How to Maintain a Healthy Immune System

There are so many things that we have little control over. We can't control what genes we get, how old we are, or what viruses are circulating in our environment, but there is a lot we can do to prevent illness. Remarkably, many of the same habits that protect you from diseases like diabetes, cancer, and heart disease also help your immune system fight infections.

Most viruses can't hurt you until they get inside your body. So, we can help our immune system if we avoid viruses and cut off the ways they travel. Viruses can spread through the air, but not usually for very far. Keep your distance—at least 6 feet—from others, and be a good neighbor by wearing a mask in all public areas.

Viruses that cause the most common illnesses—respiratory infections, including the common cold, flu, and the new COVID-19—travel into the body through your mouth, nose, and eyes and make their way to the areas they infect, like the lungs. The best way to break this chain is to clean your hands frequently, and don't touch your face with hands that have touched anything else. In addition, you can reduce the number of viruses in your environment by cleaning frequently touched objects with a bleach- or alcohol-based cleaner.

Vaccinations are your next line of defense. Immunizations, like the flu shot, introduce a small and harmless part of a virus or bacteria. The vaccine gives your immune system an opportunity to make antibodies against the virus. A vaccinated immune system responds more quickly and effectively when illnesses are introduced. What's more, when we all get vaccinated, we decrease the likelihood that anyone will get sick. If you are unsure about whether you or your children are up to date on their vaccinations, call your primary care provider’s office.

Your third line of defense is living a healthy lifestyle. It is clear that the same things that help the rest of our bodies function also improve the strength of our immune response. Likewise, things that hinder our bodies' ability to function compromise the immune system.

Regular exercise might be the most powerful way to maintain a healthy immune system. By increasing heart rate and blood flow, we allow the cells and substances of the immune system to move through the body freely and do their job efficiently. Similarly, things that slow the movement of cells and substances, like smoking or drinking alcohol in excess, may decrease the body’s ability to function and decreases the immune response, as well.

Getting adequate sleep may also positively affect the immune response. Chronic sleep deprivation has been shown to decrease the beneficial boost in immunity from vaccinations.

Our emotional state, too—whether we are stressed, lonely, or depressed, for instance—affects our immune response so much that a relatively new specialty called psychoneuroimmunology now studies the connection. One pioneering study, conducted in the early 1980s, found that college students operating within a stressful 3-day exam period had fewer of the cells that fight tumors and viral infections. In simple terms, the students almost stopped producing immunity boosters and infection fighters.

Finally, physicians have concluded that eating a mostly plant-based diet—including fruits, vegetables, beans, nuts, whole grains, and lean protein—supports overall health and may also support immunity. Nutritious foods include important vitamins that the immune system needs to function, such as beta carotene, vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc. Note, however, that supplements that claim to improve immune function have not yet been shown to do so to the extent necessary to protect against infection and disease. It is better to eat whole foods that are rich in vitamins rather than take supplements.

Always consult with your provider before making changes to your exercise plan or trying a new supplement and if you have any medical concerns. Physicians and the other professionals working in their offices also provide help for developing a plan for a healthier life. Call your primary care office or 802-447-5007 to find a primary care provider.

Healthy habits, like those that protect your body from disease and infection, are not always easy to adopt or maintain. Perhaps knowing just how important they are to maintaining a healthy immune response will provide the extra motivation necessary to make them a priority.

Kim Fodor, MD, is an internal medicine physician at SVMC Internal Medicine.

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