Vaccines: They’re Not Just For Kids
Courtney Carter
/ Categories: WELLNESS, 2024

Vaccines: They’re Not Just For Kids

Staying current with vaccinations is a crucial step in protecting your health and well-being. While many associate vaccines with childhood, adults also need to stay current to protect themselves and those around them from preventable diseases.

Recognized as the best way to protect yourself from certain preventable diseases, vaccines help your body create protective antibodies that help fight off infections. But they’re not fool-proof.

Over time, the protection provided by a vaccine wears off. This means the vaccines you received as a child may no longer protect you. For example, vaccines such as TDaP (tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis) and MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) may require booster shots to maintain immunity.

Certain vaccines are particularly important for older adults and those with chronic health conditions, as they are at higher risk for severe complications from diseases like influenza, pneumococcal infections, and shingles. Staying current with these vaccines can prevent hospitalizations and severe health outcomes.

In addition, bacteria and viruses can mutate over time (think flu and COVID), making it necessary to get boosters to protect you against new and emerging strains.  

But there’s more to vaccines than simply protecting yourself. Vaccines play a significant role in community health by contributing to herd immunity. This means that when a large portion of the population is vaccinated, it reduces the spread of disease, and works to protect those who cannot be vaccinated, such as individuals with certain medical conditions

 

Adults should consider the following vaccines, depending on their age, health status, and lifestyle:

  • Influenza: An annual flu shot is recommended for everyone over six months of age, with particular emphasis on older adults and those with chronic conditions.

  • TDaP: A booster is recommended every ten years to protect against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis.

  • Shingles: Adults over 50 should receive the shingles vaccine to prevent this painful condition.

  • Pneumococcal: Recommended for adults over 65 and younger adults with certain health conditions to prevent pneumonia and other pneumococcal diseases.

  • Mpox: Provided in two doses spread out over four weeks, the Mpox vaccines (formerly referred to as Monkey Pox) are recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Protection for individuals who meet the criteria found here. If you are traveling to regions where outbreaks are occurring, visit the CDC site for details on how to protect yourself.

  • COVID-19: The CDC currently recommends updated COVID-19 boosters for the following:

    • Everyone aged 5 years and older should get one dose of an updated COVID-19 vaccine to protect against serious illness from COVID-19.

    • Children aged 6 months–4 years may need multiple doses of COVID-19 vaccines to be up to date, including at least one dose of updated COVID-19 vaccine.

    • People who are moderately or severely immunocompromised may get additional doses of updated COVID-19 vaccine.

    • People aged 65 years and older who received one dose of any updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna or Novavax) should receive one additional dose of an updated COVID-19 vaccine at least 4 months after the previous updated dose.

    • For additional information on COVID-19 boosters, visit the CDC page found here.

 

If you’re not sure if you are up to date with your vaccinations, contact your healthcare provider’s office. They can offer guidance tailored to your specific health needs and circumstances and help you schedule appointments or locate where vaccines they don’t provide are currently available.

 

Dr. Marie George, MD is an Infectious Disease Specialist at Southwestern Vermont Medical Center in Bennington, VT and a member of the Travel Clinic team at the hospital.

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Emergency Department: Open, Ready, Safe. 

The last 3 months have been a uniquely challenging experience in the SVMC Emergency Department (ED) and emergency departments and hospitals all over the country and the world. I am very proud of all our staff has done and continues to do to ensure safe care for patients during this era of COVID-19. We are grateful that cases of COVID-19 in our area have been the lowest in the U.S. and have decreased even further over the past several weeks. We are also heartened to see that patients who had been avoiding the ED are now confident to return to get the care they need.

It may be surprising to hear that over the past few months, the sickest patients we have seen in the ER have not had COVID-19. Many people have refrained from seeking care for serious medical problems due to the fear of being exposed to the virus, assuming that the hospital was not a safe place to be and not recognizing the seriousness of their symptoms. The most challenging moments of the past several months have involved critically ill patients who tried to stay away for far too long due to fear of being exposed to COVID-19. We have had many sad moments trying to care for those who waited until it was too late for us to help with conditions that could have been easily treated if presented sooner.

One might expect that the greatest challenges related to the pandemic were those needed to adapt our facilities and procedures and the work of caring for sick COVID-19 patients. SVMC is fortunate to have built a strong foundation of safety and infection-prevention methods over many years, which made this transition much easier. Still, when it became apparent that we were going to see COVID-19 cases coming through our doors, we implemented many COVID-specific changes very quickly.

From day one our staff have all been fully trained to use protective equipment effectively, to focus on cleaning and disinfecting, and to move patients safely through the new areas created to keep them safe. We also spaced the waiting room chairs to allow for plenty of distance and initiated drive-by testing to keep potentially contagious people outside and away from other patients.

We immediately increased our standard of protective equipment we use. For example, all staff who relate with patients now wear both a mask and protective shield, which is a proven and effective strategy to prevent transmission. Those staff who work with patients with respiratory or other contagious symptoms also wear a gown and advanced respirators developed in cooperation with Mack Molding in Arlington. They look strange, but they help us deliver care safely.

We also quickly built special spaces and units in the hospital to treat and segregate patients with respiratory symptoms who might be contagious from those with other routine medical problems. Outpatients with symptoms that could be related to COVID-19 are directed to a spacious area called the Respiratory Evaluation Center. There they can be taken to a safe treatment space called a negative-pressure room without encountering any patients who are using the ED for other reasons or any staff who are not fully equipped with protective gear. There are similar, safe, negative-pressure units for those who require treatment in the ED or hospital.

Our hard work paid off. We have treated a number of COVID-19 patients in our ED and, as far as we know, not a single staff member was sickened in relation to their work here, and no patients have contracted COVID-19 while under our care. With our current procedures and drastically declining COVID numbers, we are confident that we can continue that trend. Furthermore, SVMC recently received a perfect score on a rigorous survey specifically designed to judge our ability to prevent transmission of COVID-19. At this time our ED is safer than just about any other public place you could go.

My goal in writing today is to communicate that SVMC’s Emergency Department is open, ready, and safe. If you need emergency care, we are here and we can care for you safely. Please do not defer emergency care until it is too late for us to help. While many symptoms can represent a serious medical problem, the most concerning are chest pain, difficulty breathing, fast heart rate, confusion, high fever, intense headache, drooping face, dehydration, or weakness. Of course, with any other symptom you feel indicates a serious problem, come in right away or call 9-1-1.

For us, spending time with patients and connecting on a personal level is the best part of our jobs. We take pride in our life-saving role in our communities and the work we have been able to do during the pandemic, but we cannot help if you do not come in. Please don’t hesitate to get the care you need when you need it.

Adam Cohen, MD, is a board-certified emergency medicine physician at Southwestern Vermont Medical Center. He also serves as the chair of the Department of Emergency Medicine and the medical director of SVMC’s Emergency Department.

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