Tis the Season for Flu, RSV, and COVID
Courtney Carter
/ Categories: WELLNESS, 2024

Tis the Season for Flu, RSV, and COVID

Vaccination Season is Here

While seasonal flu, COVID, and respiratory infection levels are currently low to moderate nationwide, medical experts expect them to increase in the coming weeks, thanks to holiday gatherings, travel, and simply spending more time indoors.

This is why NOW is the time to get vaccinated. 

According to the CDC, respiratory viruses are responsible for millions of illnesses and thousands of hospitalizations and deaths in the United States every year. In addition to the virus that causes COVID-19, there are many other types of respiratory viruses, including flu and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The good news is that you can protect yourself and others from health risks caused by respiratory viruses by getting vaccinated.

Vaccines are currently available at many pharmacies and through your healthcare provider’s office. A simple shot provides the necessary antibodies to fight off infection or make it less severe.

 

Here’s a look at the current Fall and Winter Immunization recommendations from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

COVID-19 and Flu Vaccines

  • ​Everyone 6 months and older

RSV Immunization to Protect Babies

  • Vaccine | Pregnant parents during weeks 32-36 of pregnancy during RSV season

  • Monoclonal Antibodies | Babies entering or born during RSV season

RSV Vaccine for Older Adults 

  • People ages 60 and over at high risk of severe RSV

  • Everyone ages 75 and older

  • Currently, older adults only need to get the RSV vaccine once; not annually

 

A Word About Bird Flu

Over the past eight months, 58 cases of H5N1 bird flu, a type of avian influenza, have been confirmed in the U.S. While H5N1 is considered a dangerous pathogen, with a case fatality rate of around 50%, none of the infected Americans has required hospitalization. The majority of those infected work in close contact with dairy cattle and poultry flocks with infection likely occurring by the virus entering a person's eyes, nose, or mouth, or being inhaled.

Even though the virus can be passed from mammal to mammal, there currently is no evidence of human-to-human contamination. However, recent research from the National Institutes of Health found the H5N1 bird flu virus could be just one mutation away from being able to spread amongst humans.

While there’s no need to panic, it is important to stay current on any news and alerts related to bird flu. For the latest information and recommendations regarding bird flu from the CDC, click here.

In addition, the CDC recommends the following to avoid infection:

  • Avoid consuming or coming into contact with unpasteurized dairy products.

  • Wash your hands with soap and water after handling wild birds, poultry, and livestock. 

  • Get tested if you develop flu-like symptoms.

  • Stay home when sick, especially with fever and cough.

  • Get your seasonal flu vaccine.

 

Dr. Marie George, MD is an Infectious Disease Specialist at Southwestern Vermont Medical Center in Bennington, VT, and a member of the Travel Clinic team at the hospital.

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Emergency Department: Open, Ready, Safe. 

The last 3 months have been a uniquely challenging experience in the SVMC Emergency Department (ED) and emergency departments and hospitals all over the country and the world. I am very proud of all our staff has done and continues to do to ensure safe care for patients during this era of COVID-19. We are grateful that cases of COVID-19 in our area have been the lowest in the U.S. and have decreased even further over the past several weeks. We are also heartened to see that patients who had been avoiding the ED are now confident to return to get the care they need.

It may be surprising to hear that over the past few months, the sickest patients we have seen in the ER have not had COVID-19. Many people have refrained from seeking care for serious medical problems due to the fear of being exposed to the virus, assuming that the hospital was not a safe place to be and not recognizing the seriousness of their symptoms. The most challenging moments of the past several months have involved critically ill patients who tried to stay away for far too long due to fear of being exposed to COVID-19. We have had many sad moments trying to care for those who waited until it was too late for us to help with conditions that could have been easily treated if presented sooner.

One might expect that the greatest challenges related to the pandemic were those needed to adapt our facilities and procedures and the work of caring for sick COVID-19 patients. SVMC is fortunate to have built a strong foundation of safety and infection-prevention methods over many years, which made this transition much easier. Still, when it became apparent that we were going to see COVID-19 cases coming through our doors, we implemented many COVID-specific changes very quickly.

From day one our staff have all been fully trained to use protective equipment effectively, to focus on cleaning and disinfecting, and to move patients safely through the new areas created to keep them safe. We also spaced the waiting room chairs to allow for plenty of distance and initiated drive-by testing to keep potentially contagious people outside and away from other patients.

We immediately increased our standard of protective equipment we use. For example, all staff who relate with patients now wear both a mask and protective shield, which is a proven and effective strategy to prevent transmission. Those staff who work with patients with respiratory or other contagious symptoms also wear a gown and advanced respirators developed in cooperation with Mack Molding in Arlington. They look strange, but they help us deliver care safely.

We also quickly built special spaces and units in the hospital to treat and segregate patients with respiratory symptoms who might be contagious from those with other routine medical problems. Outpatients with symptoms that could be related to COVID-19 are directed to a spacious area called the Respiratory Evaluation Center. There they can be taken to a safe treatment space called a negative-pressure room without encountering any patients who are using the ED for other reasons or any staff who are not fully equipped with protective gear. There are similar, safe, negative-pressure units for those who require treatment in the ED or hospital.

Our hard work paid off. We have treated a number of COVID-19 patients in our ED and, as far as we know, not a single staff member was sickened in relation to their work here, and no patients have contracted COVID-19 while under our care. With our current procedures and drastically declining COVID numbers, we are confident that we can continue that trend. Furthermore, SVMC recently received a perfect score on a rigorous survey specifically designed to judge our ability to prevent transmission of COVID-19. At this time our ED is safer than just about any other public place you could go.

My goal in writing today is to communicate that SVMC’s Emergency Department is open, ready, and safe. If you need emergency care, we are here and we can care for you safely. Please do not defer emergency care until it is too late for us to help. While many symptoms can represent a serious medical problem, the most concerning are chest pain, difficulty breathing, fast heart rate, confusion, high fever, intense headache, drooping face, dehydration, or weakness. Of course, with any other symptom you feel indicates a serious problem, come in right away or call 9-1-1.

For us, spending time with patients and connecting on a personal level is the best part of our jobs. We take pride in our life-saving role in our communities and the work we have been able to do during the pandemic, but we cannot help if you do not come in. Please don’t hesitate to get the care you need when you need it.

Adam Cohen, MD, is a board-certified emergency medicine physician at Southwestern Vermont Medical Center. He also serves as the chair of the Department of Emergency Medicine and the medical director of SVMC’s Emergency Department.

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